✍️Development of an inexpensive 3D clinostat

✍️Development of an inexpensive 3D clinostat and comparison with other microgravity simulators using Mycobacterium marinum

🌐Link to the paper: https://www.frontiersin.org/.../frspt.2022.1032610/full

The paper describes the development of an inexpensive 3D clinostat that can simulate microgravity on Earth. The optimal combination of inner and outer frame velocities to simulate microgravity was determined using a computer model, and the device was tested using Mycobacterium marinum.

🟣The contributions of this paper are:

🔸Development of an inexpensive 3D clinostat that can simulate microgravity on Earth.

🔸Determination of the optimal combination of inner and outer frame velocities to simulate microgravity using a computer model.

🔸Testing of the device using Mycobacterium marinum.

🔸Comparison of the device with two commercially available microgravity simulators.

🔸Demonstration of the potential of the device for use in microgravity research.

🟢The practical implications of this paper are:

🔹The development of an inexpensive 3D clinostat will allow researchers to perform simulated microgravity experiments at their home institutes at low cost.

🔹The determination of the optimal combination of inner and outer frame velocities to simulate microgravity using a computer model will help researchers to design and operate 3D clinostats more effectively.

🔹The comparison of the device with two commercially available microgravity simulators will provide researchers with a better understanding of the advantages and limitations of different microgravity simulators.

🔹The testing of the device using Mycobacterium marinum will provide researchers with a model organism for studying the effects of microgravity on bacterial growth and gene expression.

🔹The results of this paper will contribute to the development of new technologies and strategies for space exploration and biomedical research.

🟤The methods used in this paper are:

🔻Development of an inexpensive 3D clinostat using 3D printing and assembly.

🔻Determination of the optimal combination of inner and outer frame velocities to simulate microgravity using a computer model.

🔻Testing of the device using Mycobacterium marinum.

🔻Comparison of the device with two commercially available microgravity simulators.

🔻Analysis of bacterial growth and gene expression using RNA sequencing.

🔻Statistical analysis of the data using ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test.

The data used in this paper includes:

🔻Experimental data from the Arduino UNO WiFi Rev 2's onboard accelerometer to analyze the efficacy of the 3D clinostat's microgravity simulation.

🔻Computer model data to predict the acceleration vector for combinations of frame velocities between 0.125 revolutions per minute (rpm) and 4 rpm.

🔻RNA sequencing data to analyze bacterial growth and gene expression of Mycobacterium marinum under different microgravity simulation conditions.

🔻Algorithm data from the RPM 2.0 to confirm that the operating conditions of the 3D clinostat and the RPM 2.0 simulated microgravity.

🔵The results of the paper are:

♦️The 3D clinostat developed in this study was able to simulate microgravity effectively and was comparable to commercially available microgravity simulators.

♦️The optimal combination of inner and outer frame velocities to simulate microgravity was determined to be I = 1.5 rpm and O = 3.875 rpm.

♦️Mycobacterium marinum was able to grow as a biofilm or a planktonic culture under different microgravity simulation conditions.

♦️The RPM 2.0 and the 3D clinostat with I = 1.5 rpm and O = 3.825 rpm produced similar structures in attached biofilm and similar changes in transcriptome for the bacteria in suspension compared to the marinum strain M.

♦️The 3D clinostat developed in this study is an inexpensive and easy-to-assemble alternative to commercially available microgravity simulators.

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