Effects of chronic low‑dose radiation exposure in the liver of a hypothermic zebrafish model🐠

✍️Investigating the effects of chronic low‑dose radiation exposure in the liver of a hypothermic zebrafish model🐠

🌐Link to the paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-26976-4

The paper investigates the effects of chronic low-dose radiation exposure in the liver of a hypothermic zebrafish model. The study explores the use of induced torpor to mitigate the deleterious effects of radiation exposure and reveals transcriptomic perturbations in lipid metabolism and absorption, wound healing, immune response, and fibrogenic pathways.

This paper contributes to the investigation of synthetic torpor as a potential radioprotective countermeasure for long-term space travel. It also provides insights into the effects of chronic low-dose radiation exposure on the liver of a hypothermic zebrafish model, revealing transcriptomic perturbations in lipid metabolism and absorption, wound healing, immune response, and fibrogenic pathways. Additionally, the study compares the zebrafish model with hepatic transcriptomic data from hibernating grizzly bears and active controls, revealing conserved responses in gene expression associated with anti-apoptotic processes, DNA damage repair, cell survival, proliferation, and antioxidant response. The paper also compares the radiation group with space-flown mice, revealing shared changes in lipid metabolism.

The practical implications of this paper are that it provides insights into the potential use of induced torpor as a radioprotective countermeasure for long-term space travel. The study also reveals transcriptomic perturbations in lipid metabolism and absorption, wound healing, immune response, and fibrogenic pathways, which could inform the development of therapeutic strategies to mitigate cellular damage during space travel and in clinical medicine. The comparison of the zebrafish model with hepatic transcriptomic data from hibernating grizzly bears and active controls, as well as the comparison of the radiation group with space-flown mice, provides further insights into the conserved responses in gene expression associated with anti-apoptotic processes, DNA damage repair, cell survival, proliferation, and antioxidant response. These findings could inform the development of new therapeutic strategies for a range of medical conditions.

🟣The methods used in this paper include:

🔸Obtaining strain AB Danio rerio (zebrafish) from the Zebrafish International Resource Centre.

🔸Housing adult zebrafish at a maximum density of 6 fish per 1 L glass beaker in an incubator at 28.5 °C with a light cycle of 14 h ON (light) and 10 h OFF (dark).

🔸Maintaining and crossing zebrafish following standard housing methods.

🔸Using lids to prevent fish mortality from jumping out of the beaker while also allowing air flow.

🔸Feeding fish Gemma Micro 300 standard diet every other day in the morning and aspirating remaining debris from the beaker 20 min after feeding.

🔸Changing 75% of the water daily using reservoir water (Reverse Osmosis water supplemented with Instant Ocean salts, sodium bicarbonate and Stress Coat, maintained at pH 7.4) to increase water life support capability.

🔸Cleaning and autoclaving the beakers used to house fish before use.

🔸Performing all procedures per The Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) guidelines (IACUC-2018-00278).

🔸Conducting transcriptomic and behavioural analyses to explore the effects of radiation exposure on the zebrafish model with a focus on the liver.

🔸Comparing the zebrafish model with hepatic transcriptomic data from hibernating grizzly bears and active controls, as well as comparing the radiation group with space-flown mice.

The results of the paper show that induced torpor in zebrafish activates DNA repair and mitogenic pathways. The study found that multiple DNA repair pathways were upregulated, including DNA mismatch repair, nucleotide excision repair, base excision repair, and homologous recombination pathways. Additionally, the study found that induced torpor increased pro-survival, anti-apoptotic, and DNA repair pathways, while reducing metabolism. The study also compared the zebrafish model with hepatic transcriptomic data from hibernating grizzly bears and active controls, revealing conserved responses in gene expression associated with anti-apoptotic processes, DNA damage repair, cell survival, proliferation, and antioxidant response. Similarly, the radiation group was compared with space-flown mice, revealing shared changes in lipid metabolism.

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